The last F1 team owned by a pure racing obsessive died with Dietrich Mateschitz in October 2022. What the ownership landscape looks like now is a precise map of where institutional capital has moved: private equity firms hunting brand premiums that traditional sports franchises can no longer deliver, sovereign wealth funds projecting soft power through constructor slots, and entertainment consortiums treating a paddock presence as a media distribution channel. The 2021 Concorde Agreement created cost-cap certainty and revenue-distribution transparency. That was the trigger. Within 18 months, every team on the grid had been bought, recapitalised, or actively courted. Here is who holds the paper in 2026.
Red Bull Racing / Racing Bulls
Both teams sit inside Red Bull GmbH, the Austrian energy drink and media conglomerate. The Thai Yoovidhya family holds approximately 51% through their Krating Daeng business interests; the Mateschitz estate holds the remaining 49%, with Mark Mateschitz as the primary steward on the Austrian side. Red Bull is not a vanity operation: the F1 teams cross-subsidise brand equity in football clubs, esports, and content production across 170 markets.
Ferrari
Scuderia Ferrari is a wholly owned subsidiary of Ferrari N.V., which trades on both the NYSE and Euronext Milan under the ticker RACE. The Agnelli family's holding company, Exor N.V., controls approximately 22.9% of shares and 33.8% of voting rights. Piero Ferrari holds 10.2%. The rest is public float. Ferrari is the only F1 constructor where retail investors can take a direct equity position, meaning on-track performance is priced into a public market instrument every trading session.
McLaren Racing
Bahrain's sovereign wealth fund, Mumtalakat Holding Company, is the majority owner. In late 2023, CYVN Holdings, an Abu Dhabi government-backed vehicle, deployed $550 million across McLaren Group, acquiring a significant minority stake in the racing operation. Zak Brown holds a small equity position. The current structure is a post-distress recapitalisation: McLaren's finances collapsed during COVID and the team required emergency external capital to survive.
Mercedes-AMG Petronas
The structure is more fragmented than the badge implies. Toto Wolff holds approximately 33%, making him an owner-operator rather than a hired principal. INEOS founder Jim Ratcliffe acquired a comparable stake in 2020. Mercedes-Benz AG holds the remainder. The manufacturer has explored exit scenarios publicly on more than one occasion. Whatever happens, Wolff's equity position means any change of control requires his active cooperation.
Aston Martin Aramco
Lawrence Stroll's Yew Tree Consortium controls the team through a holding structure built around his earlier rescue of the Aston Martin road car brand. Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund holds approximately 20.5%, acquired in 2023 via an arrangement that tied Aramco's title sponsorship directly to equity participation. Adrian Newey joined with a reported equity component, a mechanism now common at the senior technical level since the cost cap compressed the salary market.
Alpine
Renault Group holds the majority stake. In 2022, Renault sold approximately 24% to a consortium: RedBird Capital Partners, Maximum Effort Investments (Ryan Reynolds and Rob McElhenney), and Otro Capital. The implied team valuation was $900 million, which looked aggressive until subsequent reporting put Red Bull's enterprise value above $4 billion. RedBird's involvement mirrors their AC Milan approach: enter a global sports brand, build the commercial layer, extract the premium on exit.
Williams Racing
Dorilton Capital, a New York-based private equity firm with no prior motorsport footprint, acquired Williams in August 2020 for approximately $182 million, with the team dead last in the constructors' standings at closing. The implied multiple was low relative to any realistic long-term franchise value. James Vowles was installed as principal from Mercedes in 2023. His mandate is a sporting turnaround; Dorilton's mandate is the exit.
Haas F1 Team
Gene Haas owns 100% through his private holding company. He is the founder of Haas Automation, a Oxnard, California-based CNC machine tool manufacturer generating roughly $1 billion in annual revenue. Haas is the only team on the grid with a single fully independent owner and no institutional co-investors. He has been publicly ambivalent about the team's future on multiple occasions, which makes Haas the most probable candidate for a change-of-control transaction in the next regulatory cycle.
Kick Sauber / Audi
The legal entity is Sauber Motorsport AG, a Swiss company. Audi AG began acquiring stakes in 2023 and is targeting 100% ownership ahead of its works entry under the 2026 power unit regulations. Kick Sauber is a commercial naming arrangement from Stake; the Sauber entity persists. This is the first German works programme since BMW's exit in 2009, and the first time a volume carmaker has bought a constructor under the post-2021 framework.
Cadillac F1
The eleventh team received FIA approval after a three-year dispute over prize fund dilution. General Motors provided commercial and political legitimacy via the Cadillac brand; the team is structured through TWG Global and Andretti Global. Michael Andretti stepped back from the principal role before the team's first race. Dan Towrend leads day-to-day operations. The constructor slot is the primary asset; first-season results are not yet relevant to the ownership thesis.
Why Institutional Money Flooded in After 2021
Before the Concorde Agreement was renegotiated, F1 team valuations were structurally uncertain. Prize fund distributions were unequal, legacy bonus payments rewarded historical participation over current performance, and there was no credible floor on what a constructor slot was worth if a team ran out of capital. The $140 million cost cap changed the calculus. A ceiling on annual spending creates a ceiling on operational losses and, by extension, a floor on viability. That predictability is what institutional investors price.
The pattern is identical to what happened to European football clubs after the Champions League revenue model matured in the early 2000s: entertainment assets with loyal global audiences became acquirable financial instruments with modelled return profiles. RedBird holds stakes in both Alpine and AC Milan, applying the same thesis across sports verticals simultaneously. Sovereign wealth from Bahrain, Abu Dhabi, and Saudi Arabia now holds direct positions in three constructor entries. The Cadillac approval placed a North American manufacturer on the grid for the first time under the modern commercial structure.
Every deal that followed the 2021 agreement used the same acquisition structures — mezzanine layering, equity carve-outs, and sponsor-to-equity conversions — and those structures are no longer exclusive to the paddock.
The sport's most likely next ownership event is Mercedes: the only majority-manufacturer-held team with three large shareholders who do not share the same long-term exit horizon.